Phenemenology, Ethnography, and Grounded Theory

In the field of marketing, qualitative methods had to strive to gain a foothold against quantitative methods. Qualitative methods have had the disadvantage of being considered less objective and non-systematic. Such views urged researchers to establish methodologies apt to reflect the integrity of qualitative methods.This paper will discuss three methodologies utilized in the field of marketing: phenomenology, ethnography, and grounded theory. Each of these will be identified and later compared with each of the others. In doing so, a better understanding of the scope and application of these methodologies is hoped to be attained.Key Characteristics of the Three MethodsPhenomenologyPhenomenology is a critical reflection on immediate experience and attempts to uncover the features of such (Goulding 2005). It therefore discounts subconscious underpinnings of conscious experiences and attempts to deconstruct the meaning of such experiences at face value.The view is that what we take as l atent meanings are actually reflected in manifest experiences as our realities are in actuality constructed (Schipper 1999). What phenomenology attempts to grasp in its study is the deeper meaning of the lived experience in terms of the individual's relationship with time, space, and personal history (Goulding 2005).Phenomenology gains basis on several assumptions. First, is assumed that persons approach life with stored knowledge which engenders familiarity with given situations (Goulding 2005). However, this knowledge is always incomplete and thus constantly open-ended. Individuals have the capacity however to communicate their experiences with others.Here we come to the second assumption, that language, being the medium of communicating meaning, already establishes a relationship between the individual experience and the object of experience (Goulding 2005).As a result, the common meanings of words are taken as regards what are actually pertained to. Considering that experiences are always open-ended there is an infinite stream of words and concepts that may be used to define particular situations.This allows for the putting aside of the subconscious analysis of text. In the analysis of such data on face value another premise emerges as support, that of a level of commonality among persons thereby affirming the stability of language constructs as communicated to others (Goulding 2005).Should it be the case that present language no longer serves to reflect the lived out experience, individuals may always draw on novel words or metaphors (Schipper 1999).The process of sampling in phenomenology is purposive as data is deemed to be collected from only one source, individuals who have actually gone through the subject experience in the study. Upon collection of the data gathered, texts are read through as a whole or in full (Goulding 2005).After gaining a sense of the holistic portrayal of the text, patterns and differences are sought in the different accounts, a process called intertextuality.The strategy is utilized in order to broaden the analysis to include a wider range of considerations that aid the researcher to form a comprehensive interpretation.Generalizations at a theoretical level are not attempted by phenomenologists as they do not consider themselves theorists. However, recontextualisation is practiced through the sensitisation of previous works as a result of writing and rewriting thus providing the researcher with more universal insights as to established theories.EthnographyEthnography has its roots in cultural anthropology. It is the full or partial description of a group as a means of identifying commonalities (Goulding 2005). The driving philosophy behind ethnography is a concern for the nature, construction and maintenance of culture (Goulding 2005).The detached researcher is thus dispelled by such methodology as the researcher is forced to immerse himself in the field and is required to accommodate the native understa nding with his own scientific background (Stanton 2005).The aim of ethnographers is to surpass what people say and to look at the culture itself. The application necessarily entails prolonged interaction with member of the particular group being studied in order to find holistic explanations.The process of ethnography focuses on field work as it is necessary that group members be observed in their natural setting. Of importance is the attainment of the genuine narrative of natives to a particular culture. Such data is the ultimate objective of ethnography in a given locality.The reflexive nature of ethnography, while constraining it to adapt to the changes undergone in cultural settings, enables it to utilize different media of recording data. Yet ethnography holds no presumptions regarding the face value of data collected. All data need to be verified and tested for validity as they are taken as mere inferences from which patterns of hypotheses may be identified (Goulding 2005).The process is delineated from the starting point of content analysis. Content analysis is the process of scrutinizing a text and labeling parts of the same based on established concepts (Goulding 2005).There are two perspectives which may be applied in the analysis of data. The emic perspective is from the insider viewpoint and is considered the very heart of the culture while the etic perspective is the outsider view drawing from scientific perspectives (Goulding 2005).An ethnographer may be said to have comprehended the subject of the study when he is able to provide the emic perspective from the data gathered. It is assumed that the language of scientific researcher is not sufficient to communicate the experience of the subjects of study (Stanton 2005).After analysis, synthesis is then made through the pooling of the data and the integration of the constructed categories. Given that the established concepts thus far are largely context relative, recontextualisation is needed and is the last step of the process.This final step provides for the abstraction of conclusions to such a level that they are externally valid and generalizable thus producing new or expanded theories (Stanton 2005).

Changing the Culture at British Airways

Changing the Culture at British Airways 1. Problems you identified from the case Macro: The first problem changing the culture at British Airways was the merger of the BOAC and BEA. In 1971, the Civil Aviation Act became law and the board was to control policy over British Airways but both BOAC and BEA remained autonomous, each with its own chairman, board, and chief executive. This caused a split within British Airways throughout the 1970s and in the mid-1980. The second problem BA faced was the threat of privatization. In 1984 the government passed legislation that made BA a public limited company.The third was productivity was bad compared to other leading foreign airlines. The fourth was poor service. Poor customer service to the employees and customers led to reduced passenger numbers and high fuel costs. This created a reduction in profit (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, pp. 25-29). Micro: The first problem BA had that is not obvious was the change in the organization and culture. There need to be a more institutionalize change. New culture fosters a strong commitment to service. Also, the lack of unity and loyalty caused the airline to not be focused. There was a lack of recognition.This caused a lack of unifying corporate culture. Also, training needs for managers were needed. Organizations need to change to adapt to the changes inside and outside the organizations (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, pp. 28-35) 2. Causes BA will have these problems because they merge two companies with very different style of management, government regulations. They lost millions because of the mindset the management had which questioned why the need for change if we’re making a profit. The lost was great also because people were operating effectively and not efficiently.They believe that if you’re providing service at no cost to taxpayers then you’re doing well and the cost of paying a high price for advance technologies. There was not enough management time devoted to m anaging the changing environment because it was all focused inwardly on resolving industrial relations problems, on resolving organizational conflicts. Both companies had done its share of pioneering. BA needs to be reorganized to have shared desires. This resulted in a financial crises and downsizing of employees (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 35). 3.Organizational Systems Affected Structural: The Leadership indicated that BEA was concerned with building an airline infrastructure than it did in profit. This was reflection a de-centralized leadership style and BOAC was concerned with the jet airliner which was focusing on the task. The merger caused BA to be very controlled with a lot of rules and regulations. Privatization by the British government made BA a public limited company. (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, pp. 26, 34). Psychosocial: Employees expressed their pleasure on being treated with respect.When the merger took place, both BEA and BOAC will have to be loyal to each other and unite. A greater challenge is to change the mindset of employees at all levels. The mindset is a shared way of thinking and behavior within in an organization. They are reflected in accepted behaviors and attitudes. The mindset becomes very powerful in gaining unity and focus within the organization. It provides a common focus and increases the intensity of the work being done (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 39). Technical: BA will have to cut cost and drive customer service.The technological innovation plays and important role. If everyone works together there would be a more cohesive environment and the ability to manage change. When other airlines were not considered and competition was not a factor, BA was successful economically but there were no satisfaction with customer service (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 26). BA need to encourage workshops was great within the organization, having done this customer assessment of the competitors allowed the employees from thinking more about the internal company policies and practices and more time interacting with the customers.Customer may become involved in product design. The more interaction between the customer and employees, the more a customer views is reflected on the organization (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, pp. 40-41). Managerial: BA Managers would have to be very proactive and have a need for change. They made Lord King the Chairman in 1981 and he recognized that a major cooperate change was needed. The leaders at BA must manage through principles. A change was needed in the culture. The leader must articulate and communicate the principles to be successful (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 9). Goals and Values: The BA would have to have contribute to its customers, investors encourage a shared vision and values, enable employees to act by encouraging greater cutomer and cost consciousness, adaptability initiative, accountability, and teamwork. To accomplish these goals, managers will have to model the way (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 50 ). 4. Alternative Solutions One alternative solution to changing the culture at BA is to not resist the change and take an untraditional approach.The greatest effort would be overcoming the mindset of employees at all levels of an organization. Another alternative is managers don’t have to micro-manage. It creates a negative environment. BA focus was primarily on cutting cost and driving customer service. This is a difficult challenge. BA would have been more successful if they would have put the people before the task (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 39). 5. Recommendations and Implementation Plans BA needs to change to adapt to the changing internal and external environment through a restructuring of their organization.They should start out there merger with a vision statement and uniting as one complete team. They need to move with the times, out with the old and in with the new. With the globalizations and technology, organizations have moved from mechanical to a gradual approac h. The mindset of the employees at all levels of the organization need to be changed. BA also needs to analyze their organization through the eyes of the customer perspective. The more interaction between customers and employees the more a customer perspective is instilled within the organization.There need to be work-groups such as self-manage work teams. BA needs to be reflexive and learn from their past (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 42). Training needs to be implemented. There must me a willingness to change for all employees and managers. BA will have the ability to become re-energized and meet the needs of the customers through innovation and being resourceful (Jick & Peiperl, 2011, p. 50). References Jick, T. D. , & Peiperl, M. A. (2011). Managing Change: Cases and Concepts, Third Edition . New york: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc..

Driving Age Should Be Raised

Should homework be banned. Yes, I feel it should be banned because you don't get any time for yourself, pointless. Because you already get work at school, seriously, home too? It kills trees, waste of time, boring, some parents don't even get it, it completely stresses you out. Not only you, but the teachers because all they do is grade tests, homework, classwork, and projects. I'm pretty sure they're tired of doing it too. I don't feel homework necessary. Homework should be banned because it just isn't useful and wastes time.Homework is pointless because kids do enough work in school and they don't need more. When they come home they want to chill out, hang out with friends, or do something. Kids are in school for 8 hours a day doing work, other than lunch and recess. Homework is not relevant for kids. I did a survey at school at resource, and a majority of kids say that homework should be banned in school because it is stressful and they procrastinate until the last second. There i s no point in homework.It takes away from spending time with family. According to the text with research ‘Homework Should be Banned,' â€Å"Schools has increased from 9 to 3 with 1 ? hour of recess and lunch to 8:40 to 3:15 with only 30 minutes of lunch and recess. † This quote shows that too much is just too much homework. Also, another reason is that, according to research, some of the smartest countries like Finland and Japan don’t have homework. We can be just as smart as them without homework.Compare and Contrast Driving in the Winter and Driving in the SummerThis shows that homework has no academic benefits for grades. Stress on kids. I’m definitely not the only student who agrees with this topic. Students all over the world have their lives controlled by homework, because not only is it boring but it takes up so much time and effort and after 8 hours of school, it feels absolutely useless. Firstly a 12-13 year old should be getting at least 8-10 hou rs of sleep but it can be hard when you have homework to finish and worries about it

The Representation of Women in New Turkish Cinema Essay

The Representation of Women in New Turkish Cinema - Essay Example The improvement in the popularity of the movies is seen as a greater contrast with the yester years of the Turkish movies. This has seen the rise of new directors into the film industry who immensely contributed to a new wave of the Turkish cinema. The local nature of the cinema most often is portrayed meaning movies that exhibit unique cultural fundamentals and terms of Turkish custom, amusement and historical context, could be grounds that viewers are drawn to these general movies of regional directors. These features are striking for a social order that wishes to identify themselves in movies but also nationality and distinctiveness in all its descriptions, profiles and forms are linked to this particular acknowledgment in cinema. However, New Turkish cinema has been hit by a wave of criticism over the representation of women. Presently, women are still being represented pessimistically in Turkish cinema. According to the observation of the various movies by Zeki Demirkubuzâ€℠¢s, the role of women has considerably been ignored by the fact that these movies put emphasis on the male characters. Failure to include women in these movies has sparkled protest on the representation of the male perspective and impartiality in the female role. In spite, the poor representation of women in the movies, prostitution prevails as a subtheme for most movies. The absence can be attributed to be negative in relation to gender politics. These films have profoundly subordinated women to men. The absence is a representation of the patriarchal practices that are still prevalence within the Turkish society. This has never been in any way considered a coincidence as there female parts are extremely silenced. However, in reviews, the issue of silencing of women has never been addressed but only in a few articles around Turkey (Dadak & Kostepen, 2007). The case of imitating patriarchal customs is the basis of debates surrounding Zeki Demirkubuz movies. Demirkubuz’s role i n challenging or reproducing patriarchy is indistinguishable. In a dialogue, with Altyaz? magazine, Zeki Demirkubuz castoffs that he does not include women in most of his movies; however he rejects feminist consideration of the person focusing on patriarchal affairs, sexism and male aggression (Ziraman, 2008). Demirkubuz’s declaration makes evident that he is not behind the patriarchal aggression on women, and physical, as well as spoken violence wielded on prostitutes (Operli & F?rat, 2007). The existence of patriarchal associations between actors, insults and domestic violence can be understood as awkward analysis of the social order, which is also subjected by gender social orders and patriarchy. Possible tribulations faced by women such as infidelity, rape, domestic brutality, rumors about morality are revealed in the movie in a normal way, which can be understood as the upholding of the patriarchy. The female standpoints and stories are set aside in most of these movies a complete show of the patriarchal practices. Turkish cinema can be considered a better source to understand the females struggle against silence in an attempt to ensure equality, as well as their identity (Ulusoy, 2010). Conversely, women feel lost within the dominated society where they are discriminated against (Umut, 2009). Despite the inclusion of women in various movies, they get included because they

Worl wide needs classification or division Essay

Worl wide needs classification or division - Essay Example But nurturing and feeding them for some thirty odd years, the lesson has been learnt; countries can only help themselves and not be bothered by the immigrants. The same goes for India as she is making the border on her west as well as East side stronger. Along with Pakistan, it has thousands of kilometers of adjacent border and more than half of which has been protected with the barbed wire. And the progress on the rest is underway. Same is the case on her east border with Bangladesh, walls and wires are being put up to prevent illegal crossing over. In the past, a huge number of people have migrated, both legality and illegally, to India from Bangladesh but countries learn from their past mistakes. That’s why walls are being put up to keep away the human traffic. Some might argue that this attitude is detrimental towards the goal of a global community. All across the globe, people want more freedom, the freedom to trade and educate, and travel. But when countries develop policies that are meant to keep away possible ‘contact’ with the other country, then this is contradictory. As people want to see the world as a global village but sturdy walls, barbed wires and mines are only pushing people away from each other. On the surface, countries paint a friendly face towards each other make pacts and agreements of mutual cooperation but when it comes to exchange of people across the border, countries have opposite policies. For proper functioning of economy trade and law, division among people is necessary. For instance, a huge number of illegal migrants have crossed over from Mexico into the US in the past. When these people move to the US, they are illegal migrants and they can’t get any regular job easily. In fact they suffer more in the US as illegal migrants than stay in their homeland and earn even a small living. Moreover, such people also get involve in crimes because there are no regular jobs

Satues of African American In United Statues Essay

Satues of African American In United Statues - Essay Example Segregation in the South included schools, public facilities, separate waiting room in train station, separate seats in all forms of transportation ,separate drinking fountain, telephone boots and cemeteries, public entertainment, libraries, auditorium etch. It was followed by Disenfranchisement Law which prohibited African Americans to vote which made the plight of the African American more miserable. This caused the Civil War between the Confederates of the South who wanted to retain slavery and the Union of the North where it wanted to abolish it. The end of the civil war (with the north winning) effectively begun the reconstruction period in the South which in essence failed because it was not able to provide some civil rights to African Americans as it intended to. In 1876 however, the Republicans gained majority control in Congress under the leadership of Harry Truman altered the pattern of discrimination and passed the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution where several civil rights bills were introduced which will give every Americans equal protection before the law (Cornell University Law School, nd). This should have provided the African American to vote but this was circumvented in many ways that prevented the African Americans to vote (i.e. poll taxes, literacy test, grandfather clauses) Advocates of African American equality in the form of philosophy and art came into being in the form of Harlem Renaissance. The personalities of Locke and Dubois then asserted that African Americans too are equality talented as any other race and called on Negro Art to be used for the emancipation of the African Americans against discrimination. In this aspect, they called on the ending of segregation through the arts by elevating the African American to the status equal to any other race. There were also countless acts of protest of such discrimination

Personal Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Financial Management - Essay Example Retirement plan is nothing but a plan which replaces our employment income after we retire. In terms of tax, retirement plan is defined by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) code in US. Dream of leading a secured and comfortable retired life can come true only with proper retirement planning. A plan to transfer ones estate after death is known as estate planning. Estate includes all the personal properties like cash, land, houses, jewelry, investment accounts, etc. Estate planning is done to ensure and fulfill certain objectives like transferring most of the estate to ones beneficiaries, least payment of taxes for the estate, etc. Estate planning is a continuous process and should start immediately when a person has a measurable base of assets (Gitman, Joehnk & Billingsley, 2010, p.18). Estate plans should be in accordance with ones goals and objectives in life. Loved ones can face undue financial burden due to inadequate estate planning. Four Aspects of Retirement Planning Retiremen t planning can be thought of as a framework which includes four main aspects (Prudential Financial, n.d). They are: i. Social Security: Social Security is an insurance program that provides several benefits to individuals like, retirement benefits, disability benefits, etc. ii. Employment based plans: These are retirement plans provided by employers to the employees. It includes defined contribution and benefit pension plans. iii. Personal Savings: The returns on investments made by individuals that can add up to the Social Security Benefits or Employment based plans. It includes options like IRAs, Bank Deposits, Mutual Funds, Annuities, etc. iv. Retirement Choices: For retirement security, lifestyle and financial choices play a significant role. Lifestyle choices include choice of retirement age, place of retirement, etc. Financial choices include allocation of assets in retirement, conversion of assets to income and then protecting that income. The Retirement Planning Process and Personal Retirement Plan The retirement planning process constitutes several steps. These steps are discussed one by one and how it relates with my personal retirement planning is also discussed below. The first step in a retirement planning process includes setting own personal goals and objectives in life. Next these objectives have to be arranged in descending order of priority. Also these objectives should have the time horizon included in it. These objectives can be revised and changed in due course of time. Now this step can be related to my case in the following way: My personal objectives in life arranged in decreasing order of priority with time horizon mentioned along with it are: 1. Maintain the standard of living on retirement at the age of 50 after 20 years. 2. Buying an expensive motor car within 2 years. 3. Buying a home within 5 years. 4. To make a mortgage investment within 10 years. 5. Paying off all the mortgage bonds within 20 years. The second step is about calc ulating and determining the money required for fulfilling each of the objectives. All the household incomes and expenditures are to be calculated and the difference is also to be calculated. Present value of money should be considered while doing the calculations and the annual inflation rate should also be taken into account. This can be applied in my personal retir

SWOT Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

SWOT - Case Study Example Strengths-The brand is extremely innovative and focuses on perfection especially the shape of the woman’s body. The brand also has a strong heritage and produces high quality apparel made to measure. In addition, the brand has special recognition for evening wear. Weaknesses-The brand is yet to establish itself in the lucrative, emerging and growing Asian Luxury Market which is capable of generating enormous luxury revenues. The company also has weakly participated in E-commerce. Opportunities-The brand should create more presence in E-commerce. There is also a lot of potential in venturing in low awareness market. The company should also start v venturing in mosaic bags also can be can be a big opportunity for the brand since its more affordable in comparison with its competitors. The Vionnet icon bag can be used in 3 ways and is really convenient to be used and carried by consumers. Threats- Some of the threats include the ever-increasing competition in the market. The current trends are mixing luxury and affordability. Many luxury players released more afforded clothing and products to the main part of luxury customers. Paris competitor in the same area includes Alaia, Chanel, Chloe, Dior, Ely Saab, Valentino, Lanvin, and GiambattistaValli. The current strategies used by competitors include product differentiation, and degrees of price differentiation. This would be essential in making sure different and ever-changing customer demands get satisfied as a result also, they provide very high-quality customer services and offer an ultimate luxurious shopping experiences. Also, higher presence in e-commerce. The weakness is counterfeits products and copied by other fashion companies. Since Vionnet are sold in Multiband stores, Department stores, Mono-brand store should be included. Online Luxury Shopping websites: Luisaviaroma, stylebook, modaoperandi, Net-a-porter, it’s smart to distribution their products in the multi-brands, since it’s low cost

How did eugenics contribute to the final solution Essay

How did eugenics contribute to the final solution - Essay Example Eugenics is a movement that was planned before World War II in Germany in 1923 and 1933, which ultimately changed the lives of millions of people. Before World War II ever came along, there was a movement in Germany to rid society of undesirables. Undesirables fell into several categories later on, although initially the report that was issued seemed like a simple plot to rid society of disabilities by not allowing certain sectors of the populace to reproduce due to defects or detriments of some sort. â€Å"In May 1923, [physician Gerhard] Boeters sent a report to the government of Saxony in which he demanded compulsory sterilization for the hereditarily blind and deaf, the mentally handicapped, the mentally ill, sexual ‘perverts,’ and fathers with two or more illegitimate children.†1 Sterilization was the beginning of a regime change which began to discriminate against individuals that were different or â€Å"not normal† in some way.

Cars Pollution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cars Pollution - Research Paper Example In the year 1991, an incident in California, drew attention of a major section of shoppers as well as people associated with Food and Liquor chain in northern California (Rajan, 1996, p. 3). It might have raised the eye-brows of many shoppers who confronted the situation where they would have to choose paper over plastic bags at the check-out line (Rajan, 1996, p.3). ‘â€Å"Automobile pollution is a disease,† cried the banner on one side of the bags and, on the other, â€Å"Cure your car!†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Rajan, 1996, p.3) This message is supposed to spread awareness and warning message to the passersby such that people think before using their vehicles and consider other means of travel when use of cars can be avoided. Despite all caution messages, people’s daily lives seem to be unfulfilled without the use of car. Speaking of the automobile use in a continent like North America, it has been seen that the use of automobiles have reached a remarkable stage. Not on ly do regular office goers and other busy people use cars, but also that section of the society which comprises the young adults contribute to the number of people using cars on a daily basis. Irrespective of the fact that the increase in the use of cars which is taking the shape of something lethal in North America, people are getting obsessed with the use of cars and almost cannot live without one. According to Jeff Gearhart, â€Å"Automobiles are responsible for a majority of lead pollution in North America, or approximately 16 pounds of lead per vehicle over its lifetime† (Gearhart, Griffith and Mills, 2003). The level of lead present in cars is important to consider because it contributes to health and behavioral problems in children and adults. Paradoxically speaking, the use of cars is directly proportional to the percentage of pollutants entering the atmosphere. As a consequence, a major section of the population is also consuming harmful gases like nitrogen oxide, su lphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, lead and hydrogen oxides as well, which may even result in permanent damage of the lungs and the respiratory system. The question is very likely to arise as to why is it that cars form one of the principal sources of air pollution. The simplest answer might be that cars are always run by fuels like petrol, diesel, gasoline which play the role behind brining in deadly air pollutants. Choosing something like green vehicles which are designed in a way that burn less gas, and also are able to use alternative fuels thereby avoiding gas, and buying hybrid cars (example: Toyota Prius) which although run on gas yet has an electric motor operated by a battery which enables the engine to stop when the car comes to a halt thereby emitting zero amount of harmful gas, might be an excellent way to prevent pollution (Welsbacher, Anne, 2009, p. 13 and 14). Again, â€Å"†¦in bumper-to-bumper traffic, a driver breathes the not-yet-dispersed carbon monoxide, hydro carbons, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, lead and other toxics emitted by the car in front.† (Fermi, 1969, p.35) However, cars that are smaller in size produce less amount of pollution than cars that are bigger, as the amount of gasoline burnt by small cars is less and eventually produce less pollution reminds of another interesting fact which is, cars that move faster cause less pollution as compared to the slower moving ones (Fermi,

The Purchase of Alaska Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Purchase of Alaska - Research Paper Example The sales price was $7.2 million or approximately two cents per acre, a small sum even by 1867 standards. Alaska was the last major land-holdings of any non-American nation in the Western Hemisphere. U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward initiated, promoted and brokered the deal. Opponents in the U.S. referred to the sale as ‘Seward’s Folly’ unaware of the riches contained in this massive region. Much of the public thought this region to be nothing but a frozen wasteland and a waste of money that could be used to reconstruct the South following the Civil War. Under Russian control, Alaska reflected the pioneer, adventurous spirit commonly characterized and romanticized in stories of the American West. Russian-American, as it was called, attracted explorers, merchants, adventurers, sinners and saints of all descriptions, most of which was attracted to the region by the lucrative fur trade. Few remnants of Russian control exist today outside of the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church which to this day has a strong tradition in Alaskan society (â€Å"Russian Colonization† 2005). In short, Russia sold Alaska for two reasons, the Russian American Company was no longer profiting in the fur trade as it had for over a century and the region was too far away to be adequately defended. Russia believed that eventually, either the U.S. or Britain would forcedly take its Eastern-most colony with relative ease. Continuing to hold Alaska had become less and less important to the Russians because of other, more pressing, geopolitical and economic concerns and by 1850 interest was all but non-existent. The sea otter fur market was in decline for various reasons therefore decreasing the value to Russian commercial interests and the government was busy acquiring other, more lucrative and useful lands at that time. Britain was a new enemy. It had allied with France and the Ottoman Empire during the Crimean War (1853-56) against Russia which lost great amounts of territory in the region north of Turkey. During the war, Britain had also attacked Russia in Eastern Siberia. Though Britain would have been more than interested in purchasing Alaska, the Russians were not going to sell it to an enemy. They reasoned that if the U.S. owned it, this would provide a degree of protection for Russia from Canada, much of it a under the control of Britain at that time. â€Å"Russia determined to seek a friendly Western power as purchaser of the Russian holdings in America; and yet, anxious to create a buffer zone between British North America and Siberia† (Rasche). The Hudson Bay Company, of British origin, had made it no secret it desired more access to Alaska so as to harvest its riches. Immediately following the sale of Alaska to the U.S., Britain formerly colonized all of western Canada to the Alaskan border. Russia had sold Alaska just in time. It prevented another certain defeat against Britain resulting in further loss of te rritory and resources. More importantly, the already low level of public confidence in the Russian government following the fresh defeat in the Crimean War would have been further diminished thus enhancing the possibility of rebellion (Tompkins, 1945). Russia had little choice but to sell Alaska to the U.S. The selling price of two cents per acre is ample evidence that the U.S. was well aware of Russia’s poor negotiating position. The two countries were on friendly terms and shared a common disdain of Britain. Just 50 years earlier, British troops

The effects of concentration on reaction rates Essay Example for Free

The effects of concentration on reaction rates Essay I could back this conclusion up by doing two things. Firstly, I could use my average time graph (graph 1) to work out what time any concentration would take to complete its reaction. This is especially because of the fact that all my results I tested followed a trend. What I can do is to look where any concentration level is in line with the line of best fit, and then I could take this point on the line of best fit and look to see where that point lines up with the time taken. An example is on the next page: Here you can see that the point indicated as the intersecting point is where the concentration levels and time taken axis meet on the line of best fit. This is exactly how I could prove my conclusion correct, by taking any concentration, and then test the concentration in the same way as in my method to see if the time taken follows this pattern. If it does, then I could easily prove my conclusion to be correct. Evaluation: The times would have been very unlikely to be the same, particularly under the conditions of the fact that we had a strict time limit of two lessons, including getting the equipment out and clearing it up again. Overall, this was a very tight deadline to meet, and I eventually realised I needed to try and run my first and second tests simultaneously in the second lesson, as I was nearly out of time. This rush could easily have affected my final results in several ways, all because of the rush I was in to get all my results. The magnesium floating in the HCl may have been a problem too. I dont think it would have affected the results much, but because it was floating, not all of the magnesium was in the acid at the same time throughout the reaction, and therefore this may have meant the reaction took longer as it couldnt react with all of the magnesium straight away. I could have got over this by poking the Mg down, but that may have affected the results as well. If I were to use a substance that would react with the HCl in ANY way (even if it would be unnoticeable to the naked eye), then the reaction rates would have probably slowed down, because some of the HCl would have reacted with the other substance, leaving less of it to react with the Mg. The other (more obvious) point is that I would have found it hard to poke three pieces of Mg in different test tubes down at once. The other way which I could have solved this, would be to make the density of the Mg larger, so that the Mg would sink naturally to the bottom of the test tube. This could have been done either by redoing the tests with more magnesium (a longer strip), or by using less HCl. I would have done this, but the tight time limit meant that I couldnt redo all the tests that I have already done in time, before realising this. Another way my results could have been affected is that because the 0. 1 reading took a long time to complete, meaning that I may not have noticed that the reaction had finished straight away. I dont think this happened, though, so Im not too worried about this. Finally, and this occurred in my second test which could indeed explain my ringed faulty result, I admit, time got the better of me and so I didnt wash out my measuring cylinder out after measuring each concentration of acid. I may have measured smaller concentrations first and these concentrations could have mixed with the one I was using then to not give the mole that I said I was using for this test. To get over this problem, I could either have rinsed out the cylinder before measuring each concentration, or even by sharing cylinders with other people, of which each cylinder would only be used for one concentration. Overall, despite these problems, I dont think I will have made a bad attempt at the experiment, because the results were similar both times and they did follow a trend on my two graphs. 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Patterns of Behaviour section. Download this essay Print Save Heres what a teacher thought of this essay 3 star(s).

Developing a Healthy Relationship after Abusive Relationship

Developing a Healthy Relationship after Abusive Relationship The available evidence in this review suggested that in (2003), it was projected 1.3 million females in the U. S. were targets of offensive relations (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2003; National Institute of Justice, 2005; Tjaden Thoennes, 2000). Sources indicate that psychological health specialists play a serious part in the curative procedure after being in domestic violence relationships (Bryant, 2013). Based on this analysis, the examiner suggested that psychological health specialists must be prepared and experienced to move maltreated females from being sufferers to fighters learning to live a life without aggression (Graham-Bermann et al., 2009). For example, close contact occurs when individuals share significance or co-create appreciation, and can establish their behaviors to echo their combined significance (Blow, 2009). Blow, (2009) proposed that strong domestic affiliation support systems are significant to uphold ones mind. Taylor, (2016) proposed that communal backing is connected to excellent health and happiness in that it can be comprehended as being both precautionary and beneficial. The collected works demonstrates that surviving is a significant perception in accepting the connection between (IPV) occurrence and psychological wellbeing (Calvete et al., 2010; Krause et al., 2010; Lee, Pomeroy, Bohman, 2009). Current collected works shows that managing does not only affect the IPV, but also effects IPV fighters psychological wellbeing (Calvete et al., 2008; Krause et al., 2008; Lee et al., 2007; Clements Sawhney, 2000; Kocot Goodman, 2003). Many people wedged by DV (Humphreys, 2003) have been able to become strong and unwavering conducts in the face of very demanding surroundings (Linley Joseph, 2004), according to pliability investigations. As Per Warner (2004), he noted that struggling can be a kind of direction to help women as in resilience to help create a new free from aggression life story. The goal of this research is to listen to the females verbiage about their occurrences acquiring a wholesome connection. This research falls into the Capella program of research under the category of advocacy across the lifespan. The findings from this study can be used to advocate for battered women for more direct service, and intervention that can be recognized to help intimate partner or domestic violence survivors. Women survivors of abusive relationships learning to develop healthy relationships. SECTION 1.2 The examination collected works show that rates of (IPV) are above normal, and rates of individuals looking for help for their problems are below average (Flemming, 2016). Brosi, 2004; Hays et al., (2010) suggested that the available evidence seems to inform us that women that are being abused obtain various pressures such as developing self-assurance in a new relationship, surely it be with a male or female friends, or with a new counselor. What we do realize is that by directing DV fighters in assisting them to deal with their previous situation by joining treatment approaches to better help them comprehend the method, and occurrences of maltreated females. It will assist them to acquire other abilities, and viewpoints about themselves, and their establishing a locale for them to grow (Paulina, 2015). We understand that sufferers of forceful attacks may encounter disruptions in confidence and/or self-competence, as well as anxiety/evasion, emotional constriction, and sensual dysfunction (Koss, 2000). We also realize that Self-efficacy (Bandura, 1977; 1982) in abused females have a tendency to be important to females willingness for change. Also, Tirone, (2014) proposed that empowerment in an planning of getting unique provisions, and feelings of self-efficacy, can assist females in noticing more the assessment of their unmannerly association. Presently, lack of research exists that may help to explain how some female survivors succeed after being through the turmoil of domestic violence while other women struggle with getting out of the relationship (Lerne, 2008). Though numerous examiners are predisposed to explore the undesireable results of forceful associations, a small number have acknowledged how this knowledge might have interested the crucial optimistic alteration or development (Young, 2007). According to Allen Wozniak, (2010) what seems to be missing in the investigation is the sympathetic method of what happens after a person exits an unmannerly association, and in what approach they develop a harmless, non-forceful, and eloquent existence. According to McDonald, (2013) states what is seems to be overlooking is on the outcome of times that has gone by of agression or mistreatment has on other parts of females lives, such as associations, their vision of themself and how they monitor their lives or additional years after parting. (Section 2.1) Women survivors of abusive relationships learning to develop healthy relationships. DV against females is characterized as Intimate partner violence (IPV) which is both a human privileges matter and is an importance of general security concern that (IPV) is the most devastating sort of sexual emphasis based unkindness (Fagan, 2010). The 2013 Global Burden of Disease Study assesses that 30% of women age 15 or over have come across a bodily or sexual (IPV) for the length of their lives (Owusu et al., 2016). The IPV, adds to numerous unfavorable dealings for the sufferer such as despair, disrubtive behavior, feelings that there is nothing to live for especially in females, nervousness, low sense of worth, incapabile to confide in others, especially in persomal associations, fear of intimacy, and signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (Bergen, 1996; Roberts, Klein, and Fisher, 2003). Cognitive Trauma therapy for Battered Women according to Kubany, Hill,Owens,2008) reported that the treatment of (CTTBW) is considered to use for women who have PTSD linked to IVP ,and that are no longer involved with the abuse partner. Survivors of domestic abuse have a history of maltreatment, and are frequently out of touch with their needs that are powerless to express, and are unable to ask for their needs to be met. Existing studies shows that therapists that treat individuals of DV is their duty to confirm that they are empathetic of the abuse dynamic forces and the impression of the long-term negative effects these have on the survivor (Sanderson,2009). Supporting evidence have showed that women who have experienced IPV pull on from different protective resources to develop resilience (Perez et al.,2012). For, instance, among certain womens spirituality has been known as an important protective portion for them who have experienced abuse. Furthermore, Gillette, De la Rosa, (2010). Proposed that positive religious coping has a connection with positive mental health, including greater happiness, quality of liveliness, and psychological well-being Avele at all., 2006; Lee, 2007; Harris et al., 2008). Linley Joseph (2004) reported that resilience studies showed that for some individuals in any which way of ongoing, highly stressful environments, generally those impacted by domestic violence can get into heathy and stable behaviors. Bearing in mind with couples treatment in (IVP) the crucial voices and ends should do with (1) aquiring ideas of positive and agression-free associations (2) evaluating love, compromise, and wedded contentment; (3) learning to develop faith and re-establishing well-being (Stith et al., 2005); and (4) the use of a met discussion, i.e., discussion among the therapists in the direction of the couple (Cooper Vetere, 2005; Stith et al., 2005). Coker et al (2009) suggested that around half of DV get into proper services, mainly crisis hotlines, emergency DV shelters, and community-based programs which offer services from safety planning, counseling, and peer support groups to job search support and housing assistance. Sanders, (2010) reported that once the survivor rejoin they can commence the renew of their lives in the direction they are in control of. Furthermore, as they feel more associated they will begin to start new friendships, increased social support relationships in the knowledge that can set healthy boundaries against future abuse or manipulation. Prior examinations has founded that women fighters of DV have connected resiliency effects that have allowed them to overthrow the undesireable effects of domestic violence. (Vanbreada, 2001; young 2007; Weiner, Wilson 2009). For instance, a few studies have suggested that some associations among defensive influences in the procedure of pliability, such as using treatment will intensify the control to enlarge the social assistance system (Senter Caldwell, 2002; Smith, 2003). (Section 2.2) How do women survivors who have been in an abusive relationship describes their experiences of developing a healthy relationship with a male partner? Define Terms: Women fighters are females who have produced a selection to be conscious from being easy targets. Representatives of individual change who are more in control of their lifetimes (Mercy, 2001). Unmannerly relations (Mercy, Zwi, and Lozano, 2002) defined as heartlessness as they consider explanation behind physical pressure or control, crippled, against oneself, another individual, or against a social affair or gathering, that has a high likelihood of achieving harm, demise, mental harm, maldevelopment or hardship (p. 5). Healthy relationship definitions. Honesty -When a dating companion that lies, it demands time to build that trust in him or her. Honesty builds trust and strengthens the relationship (Debnam, 2014). Respect implies that every individual value who the other is comprehends the other individuals limits (Debnam, 2014). Self-Confidence -When dating partners have trust in themselves, it can support their associations with others. It demonstrates they are quiet and appropriately friendly to permit others to express their beliefs without compelling their own sentiments on them (Debnam, 2014). Section 2.3 The aim of this qualitative research study is to answer the research question: How women survivors who have been in an abusive relationship describes their experiences of developing a healthy relationship with a male partner. Within this study, the research will address how the female fighters who have been in an unmannerly associations explains their occurrences of developing a healthy association with a male companion. By doing so the present study will demonstrate how these adult females will learn how to healthy relationships. As, per Buchlinder Eric, (2005) suggested that mental health professionals are to help women move toward an insightful position regarding the impact of their psychological emotional, verbal abuse in their lifetimes. By empowering women and reinforcing to them that it is not their fault, dismissing the insult, and granting them the tools to help themselves can be part of the answer to this social and wellness issues (Carretta, 2008). Section 2.4 The qualitative research will be given to the phenomenology approach because it was developed in psychology, and it will intend to explore the world live experience of people (Creswell, 2013). The qualitative research is a kind of review to considering an individual familiarity, connections, and conduct patterns. It follows to explain, and translate the style of an individuals conduct, and incentive (Bursztyn, 2016). Consequently, this examination will assume, and define the women survivors of DVs understandings of the inquiries partakers in a detailed setting, and document information from partakers in their own languages (Ponterotto, 2005). Creswell, (2013) reported that phenomenology describes the effect of life experiences for people holding an actual phenomenon or notion. Furthermore, the phenomenology is the scientific study of the presence of things, of phenomena just as researchers examine them in their knowledge, and does not worry itself with issues of fact, but seeks to uncover meanings of the phenomena being considered (Creswell, 2013). The phenomenological study offers the way for people to talk about their experiences in their own terminology (Creswell, 2009; Patton, 2002). The experience from the women survivors of abusive relationships establishing healthy relationships will be discovered from their own spokespeople. The aim of the phenomenological study is to achieve information that provides a point of view on how a collection of individuals undergo the experiences of a phenomena or idea (Creswell, 2009). However, IPA originates from the phenomenological tradition, and the focus of research is therefore on investigating topics or objects as they are represented in and perceived by the participant Iversen, 2012. Smith Osborn, (2003) suggested that the using the descriptive IPA is to examine how individuals make significance of their private realm, and has its phenomenology, hermeneutics, and ideography. Moustakas, (2006) suggested that existed understanding is not something that can be calculated or measured and many instances a phenomenological investigator has curiosity or motives for wanting to study the lived knowledge (Creswell, 2013). Section 3.1 The latest examination will add to the methodical by comprising the female fighters of DVs familiarity to womens feminist theory in that it will shed light on the style in which ladies and men have been associated in the United States (Hunnicutt, 2009). The DV field is the foundation of womens rights, and liberation. The focal example of intermediation was women fighters helping other fighters (Berry, 2002; Wilson, 1997). Melzer, (2002) suggested that the noteworthy idea of feminist theory is to stack the lack of sexual category struggles and its reviews of their knowledges, awareness, and communal gatherings of mature females. The feminists understanding of encouragement of females is as the most effective way to deal with man to woman violence behavior (Forgey, 2006). This present study will add to the scientific information base of addressing and recognizing the familiarities of female survivors who have been in a rude association telling their history of developing healthy relationships by applying empowerment-building models which are suitable and very much needed in the social and behavioral science field intervention with disempowered females who are sufferers and fighters of DV. Section 3.3 The applied insinuations of this research will help with distributions of services, for example research proposes the significance of service delivery upholding its feminist gender-based model, as it creates better results for women (Abrahams Bruns, 1998; Goodman Epstein, 2008; Weisz, 1999; Zweig Burt, 2006, 2007). The stakeholders that will be absorbed in the examination info regarding female fighters who have been in an unmannerly association explain their occurrences of developing healthy associations. studies have shown better results from the feminist gender based model. The feminist gender-based model accepts that battered females are intellectual gifted females who need a harmless place to live while working on refining their condition and gaining from plans offered by their shelter if they choose (Lehrner Allen, 2009). The outcomes from this study will benefit stakeholders by adding to the knowledge base and advance study. The examination outcomes will be suitable for pro gram campaigners, communal essential resources, and politicians to raise funds, and bring awareness for more services. Section 4.1 The phenomenology examines the independencies lived settings, and everyone has their exact practicality; realism is individual (Creswell, 2013). Phenomenology focus on the inner core of experience. Likewise, it seeks individuals who are willing to express feelings, and experiences (Creswell,2013). The phenomenological style is positioned in a model of individual learning and bias, and focus the individual point of view, and interpretation (VanScoy, 2015). The phenomenology approach agrees for analyzing information in an investigation of women who been in an abusive relationship describing their experiences in growing sound relationships. As per Wertz, (2005) recommended that the phenomenological attitude needs to be empathic as such the researcher strives to give his or her own world behind and join through the written description, into the situations of the participants. Van Scoy, (2015) further proposed that IPA provides an additional approach to research wanting to implement a phenomenological approach. It is like other phenomenological approach in its basic point on understanding experiences from the members view. Though, its sole focus is on the individuals experiences of a phenomenon The IPA continue from a purposive homogeneous model and is the most common data collection technique using semi-structured interview Smith, (2016). The key system used in this study to collect data in IPA studies is semi-structured consultations (Smith et al., 2009, p. 56). Brocki and Wearden (2006) proposed that some disimiliar tactics are infrequently used, for instance, journals, field notes, and email consultations (pp. 92-94); in any case, the distinctive greater part of IPA research depend on data from in-person consultations. The choice to use the semi-organized consultation as the only foundation of information for the assessment mirrors (IPAs) value of the members conversion of the occurrence under review. As Smith, et al. (2009) clarified, members ought to have been allowed a chance to recount their stories, to talk openly and brilliantly, and to build up their thoughts and express their worries at some length (p. 5). IPA consultations emphasize on a preparation of specific reviews yet to take into thought flexibility in adopting up on answers mentioned in reactions to the given inquiries. Smith et al. (2009) prepared six to ten open-finished questions that include a variety of sorts: account, illustrative, basic, differentiate, evaluative, round, and similar (p. 58). How women survivors who have been in an abusive relationship describes their experiences of developing healthy relationship Characteristics: The larger population from which the sample will be drawn are from women from different cultural backgrounds . The area where this research will take place is in the Bronx, New York. The sample for this study will be selected from the population of diverse ages females coming from different backgrounds ages 27-60 who identify as survivors of domestic violence. The phenomenological sampling works well when the individual studied represents people who have perceived with the same phenomenon (Creswell, 2013, page 155). The sampling design: The testing strategy utilize will be nonprobability sampling. Non-probability practices any sampling technique which the chance of a person being chosen into the sample that is unknown (Creswell, 2013). The sampling strategy utilize will be nonprobability sampling, and the performance is purposive. As such this sampling has a purpose in mind in that there is something close to the possibility participations you want to know about (Creswell, 2013). This design is of useS for this research since it entails an understanding to the process of women healing after being in an abusive relationship. Likewise, the purposive sampling tactics are well-thought-out to increase the apprehension of the chosen individuals or group experiences and the role of advancing their thoughts, and ideas (Creswell, 2013). Population is women ages between 27 to 60. Inclusion criteria Females ages from 30 to 60 years old. Gender diversity Exclusion Criteria Potential participants that have been in healthy relationship for at least 4 years prior to the research.Has been diagnosed with a mental health issue. Section 4.3 Creswell, (2015) highlighted that one must first get approval from university or college institutional as well as individuals at the research site. Then the study will be within groups participating in therapy for (DV) and through social media advertising to women in healthy relationships, with the approval and permission of the administration staff and on a voluntary basis. Legerski Bunnell, (2010) noted that confidentiality plays a major part in protecting individuals in the research procedure. Informed consent written will converse confidentially about the research, and the protection of the research participants. All interview data collected will be coded statistically, and no names will be recorded to protect confidentiality. Research electronic data will be stored on a translated drive and any paper documents will be secured in a locked file cabinet at the researchers site. The data will be saved for several years. The drive will be destroyed, and the paper documents will be shredded. Moreover, making sure all the participants are protected throughout this inquiry. The Belmont Report will be adhering to protect all the participants by using the following ethical principles e, (a) respect for persons, (b) beneficence, and (c) justice. Respect for persons requires recognition that people are autonomous agents and that those who may have reduced autonomy must be protected. Beneficence requires that researchers do no harm, while make the most of the possible benefits and minimizing possible harms. The rule of justice indicates that people should be treated equally (Goodie, 2013). The following description will be talking about protecting the research participants involve in this arena as a necessity to ensure every one of the members in this study will be ensured by applying the moral standards as per the (Economic and Social Research Council rules 2006). Protecting human participants with informed consent at the start of the research, therefore, all the participants involved will be handed to them an inform consent that will talk about confidentiality before the inquiry commences. Also, participants are told the conditions they will encounter, and are given the freedom to accept or decline participation (IIgen, 2001). Therefore, the informedconsent process will be handmade to address each individual need in the research, and differences to help ensure thSat they are protected Sas well as the researcher in this study. Lastly from the beginning of the study researchers at no time when collecting consent forms for this study should leave. Likewise, researcher should not force participants to sign the inform consent (Creswell, 2014). Section.5.1 First, the research staff will need to assemble a team to create an outreach support social media site such as Facebook, and or twitter where they can connect with our staff. The research team can also create pamphlets flyers with the researchers contact information as well as a schedule of conference call or Skype times to be placed at local hospitals, clinics, librarys adult section, and school offices. Second, once the researcher establishes a clientele list the researcher should negotiate a local location where the researcher can meet with individuals for a face to face setting where the researcher will give the client the proper materials to sign advising the information given may be subjected to research teams for further use in studies. Once the researcher gets approval from the administrator of the social media site, and manager of the location that they will use for one on one interview the researcher should submit those letters of approval to Capella for review. Creswell, (2015), states that qualitative research involves the work of a research site (s), and gaining permission to read the site in a manner that will enable the easy accumulation of data. Recruitment: Recruitment will be done by phone contact from individuals responding to flyers that were distributed, and from repliers on the social media websites. Flyers would have already been distributed; social websites would have already been created, and left open for anyone to join if they met the criteria. Also, the location to be used for interviews should be added to all distribution whether by flyer or social media sites. Once participants reach out to our researchers screening process will begin. Screening questions: Are you between ages 27 60 Have you been in a stable relationship within the last 4 years Potential participants can contact the researcher by phone or email. This information is listed on all recruitment documents. The researcher will collect the name, phone number and email addresses of the potential research participants when they respond to flyer or any social media site discussed above. (Section 5.2) Steps to obtain data information collected will lead off by setting up a scheduled one on one consultation either in the office, and or in a local group therapy office to gather the necessary information to begin the research study. The researcher will contact the potential participants by phone or email the contact information they provided to schedule the interview and discuss interview details. In the meantime, when all the participants have been screened interview scheduling will get going for those who fulfill the prerequisites. Prior to accumulating the necessary information, a signed consent form should be reviewed then signed by the participant with the clear understanding that all the information collected may, and will be reviewed by other qualified members or professionals to help resolve any participants issues. The participants will then be given the location of the interview. Each participant will be interviewed separately, so that secrecy can be maintained. One hour semi-structured interviews will be scheduled. (Section 5.3) How women survivors who have been in an abusive relationship describes their experiences of developing healthy relationship Gathering these descriptions can be worked in several ways, of which face-to-face interviews are the most common. The face to face interview will be taken place local therapy officewith permission of the IRB, and the administrative staff . The rationality behind these questions is to try to get the individual to try to explain their feelings of overcoming their past experiences to help them cope, and allow them to move on with their lives and the hope of beginning new and successful relationships. Do you think it would be difficult to start a new relationship after having been in an abusive relationship? In what ways? Rational- To get a better understanding how she is dealing with her trust issues. Since your last relationship, how would you describe any difficulties you have had in trying to begin a new relationship ? Rational- What has gone well. Can you describe what is like when you interact with a male in a social environment who interest you? Rational- The rationale behind this question if she is ready to establish a solid relationship. Describe for me the process youve experienced in building a new relationship with a male after dealing with all the emotional, verbal, and or physical abused you endured in a previous relationship? Rational The rationale behind this question to understand is trust is a major issue. What would be the warning signs, and what steps would you take if you ever found yourself in an abusive relationship again? Rational- To be able to understand if she has evaluated how she wants things to be different in her life, and if she has awareness of how an abusive relationship may begin in small ways. How would you describe a healthy relationship you feel you now have, or would hope to have in the future? Rationale: To be able to recognize if she is aware of the signs of being in a healthy relationship. (Section.5.4) The qualitative research step by step guide to data analysis. Creswell, (2013) highlighted that the data is sensitive of the qualitative analysis, and are generated by interviews as the participants talk about and think along the phenomenon from their subjective views. Wertz, F.J. (2005) endorsed that the phenomenological analysis starts by focusing on the situations preceding to trying general knowledge. This researcher will utilize as per Smith, Osborn, (2007) a step by step approach sketched of the (IPA) in this study. First, during the interview the researcher will be asked questions, listening, and recording the research participant. The following step by step by (Smith, Osborn 2007). First the (IPA) phenomenological researcher can listen and transcribe verbal descriptions and interviews. Read the complete transcription to understand the general the process Continue to read the transcription using the left margin to the note any interesting or noteworthy things the co-researcher alleged Read again the transcription again, using the right margin to begin to organize evolving themes Join the themes by looking at links between them; gathering on a separate sheet. Associate on bunching the original transcript to guarantee correct wording Generate grouped themes to create superordinate themes and link in key words and page numbers of transcripts. Overall finish the same process with all transcriptions of co-researchers. One could notify other transcripts of the superordinate list from the first transcript. Finally generate column of superordinate themes. Researcher then arranges and reduces data to focus on themes. Lastly, translate themes into a narrative write up; explaining and showing them by quotations. (Section 5.5) This scholar has not had any previous data collection or research experience, but has learned about research through the research courses for the masters course of study human behavior. As such the qualitative phenomenological method, will be studied to develop skills as a qualitative researcher. This scholar has not had any previous data collection or research experience, but has learned about research through the research courses for the masters course of study human behavior. As such the qualitative phenomenological method, will be studied to develop skills as a qualitative researcher. In the past I have discussed the issues of domestic violence with friends who have experienced this problem in their own relationships, in some situations, I have noticed that certain instances have been rather serious, and I had to recommend that they sought out legal services to help to rectify their problems. In my own personal life during my teen years I have been known to choose the wrong type of male to become associated with. In my opinion I felt like that was due to not having a father figure in my life to guide me when i

Preparation for Sunday Service

Preparation for Sunday Service Component 1: Written Assignment (1,500 words) List principal structural elements (the Ordo) of a main Sunday service such as you normally attend, stating briefly how you understand each element (or grouping of elements) contributes to the worship as a whole.   Indicate, with self-awareness, how you would yourself want to approach leading such a service. Introduction: Context The service that will be discussed for this assignment was an 8.30am Eucharist Service using Order One from the Common Worship (CW) book and Eucharist Prayer E.   On this particular Sunday, there were 21 members in the congregation including the Priest.   There was a robed choir (4 members) and hymns were sung from Complete Anglican Hymns Old and New accompanied by an organ.   The whole congregation sat in the choir stalls in the Chancel.   Each member of the congregation followed the service in the CW book. This church is situated in a village approximately 12 miles from Cambridge city centre with a population of 1,015.[1]   56% of this population would refer to themselves a Christians.   The largest age demographic in the parish is 16-65 years old.[2] Service Structure The structure of the service followed the liturgy as prescribed in CW with the particular collects and prayers for the third Sunday of Lent. 2.1 The Gathering The second greeting prayer A hymn was sung The prayer of preparation A seasonal invitation to confession Second confessional prayer Absolution Collect for the third Sunday of Lent 2.2 The Liturgy of the Word Old Testament passage read by the Church Warden New Testament passage read by a member of the congregation Hymn Congregation remain standing after the hymn for the Gospel Reading read by a member of the congregation Sermon The Creed congregation stand and face the alter Wedding Banns read by the Priest Prayers of intercession led by a member of the congregation 2.3 Liturgy of the Sacrament The Peace was shared with those around Hymn was sung during the preparation of the table.   The collection was also taken at this point. Eucharist prayer E was then used with the extended preface From Ash Wednesday until the Saturday after the Fourth Sunday of Lent The whole of this prayer was said with people joining in the dialogue, Sanctus and Benedictus without needing to refer to the book. The Lords Prayer traditional version Breaking of the bread The first prayer before the distribution said Congregation go to the alter rail to receive communion hosts and one chalice of wine The second prayer after communion said 2.4 The Dismissal A hymn was sung Blessing for the third Sunday of Lent The dismissal Contribution to Worship The Gathering The Gathering to worship are important as they draw the congregation and president into relationship to a point to participate in the act of worshipping God.[3] The Prayers of Penitence came within the gathering I personally prefer it to come in this section as you are able to come and ask for forgiveness and worship God knowing that you are forgiven and then celebrating Gods goodness of forgiveness and grace.   In this service, there could be an argument that the Prayers of Penitence could come after the Bible readings and sermon.   The lectionary reading was about the woman at the well and if your sermon was a focus on forgiveness then the Prayers of Penitence could act as a response to the message received. The collect is a prayer that links with the Sunday and not with the scripture readings.   This can add to the worship in a way that allows the congregation to focus on the season which God is currently working through.   It should also be a way of getting the congregation to contemplate how the season affects their spirituality.   With the collects, main aim to gather all of the prayers in the Gathering section into one and drawing ourselves closer to God and one another.[4] The Liturgy of the Word The next two sections of the worship service, the Liturgy of the Word and the Liturgy of the Sacrament, need to be balance carefully because they both hold significant value of equal weighting. A key element of this section of the worship service is hearing the Word of God through scripture.   My personal view is that we need to remember that worship is a two-way communication us with God but also God with us.   By following the lectionary we get a journey through scripture.   The sermon element of the Liturgy of the Word can take many different forms but ultimately should be an opportunity for the congregation to engage with Scripture as an individual and allow God to speak into their lives through it.[5] The creed and prayers of intercession are an opportunity for the congregation to respond to the Word of God through prayer.   The act of worship in the time of prayer is an opportunity to give thanks and praise to God for what we have heard but also should be an opportunity to allow the Word to speak into the needs of the community by lifting them before God.[6] The Liturgy of the Sacrament In the Liturgy of the Word Christ is heard; where as in the Liturgy of the Sacrament the elements are not only seen and touched but smelt and tasted.[7]   This act of worship is multisensory and can allow the congregant to worship God through more than just sight and sound. Prayer E is a simple narrative style which is like that of Prayer D.   The images used in the prayer are more vivid and concrete than those used in other prayers.   This set of prayers also allows for extended prefaces for the various seasons.   The language used through the institution narrative and the extended prefaces allows for worship to take on a visual element using imagination. The worship of receiving the bread and wine should encourage the congregant that through the Holy Spirits power there is a strengthening.[8] The Dismissal The blessing and the dismissal at the end of the service concludes the act of worship but should encourage the congregation to continue to worship God when leaving the church building.   By the Priest saying Go in peaceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ is about the act of carrying the presence of God out of church and into the world.   In the same way that we have been reconciled with God through our act of worship in church we should be helping the world to reconcile with God and with each other through living in peace with one another.[9] Reflections The flow of the service was good and allowed people to engage with the various elements.   The church was warm and welcoming which does allow people to feel comfortable within the act of worship. The questions that I was left with about the service were: Does the congregation understand what it meant for the Third Sunday of Lent and how this structured the worship?   And in turn how did this help, or not help, them to worship? How much of the liturgy is just read but without a conscience response?   How do we engage our congregations to be active worshipers and not passively getting through to the end? I thought that the intercessory prayers, which were led by a member of the congregation, were very well structured.   They linked the Bible passage of the woman at the well, the sermon, and the needs of the community and world together.   They were led in a way that felt very much that they were being prayed with the congregation instead of just being prayed to the congregation who are merely observers in the act of prayer.   I asked the Vicar if there had been any training on the writing and delivery of the prayers for those who do them he said that there had been a short teaching session one evening on writing the prayers. Conclusion: How would I lead? Overall I felt that the service was well structured with a good mix of lay participation which I feel is an important aspect to worship as it allows all the congregation to participate and does not segregate the Priest making a them and us feel to the community. The significant adaptation I would make to the service would be the use of silence.   I felt that there was not enough time to reflect upon the various elements of worship before moving onto the next part.   The specific areas that I would include longer elements of silence would be: After each of the Bible readings.   The first two readings went one straight after the other but it would have been good to have encouraged people to spend a minute contemplating the reading. After the sermon.   For a similar reason for keeping silence after the Bible readings.   Having time to reflect on what the sermon was about and how you might want to act upon it in the week ahead. After the congregation have received communion.   The organist played an appropriate piece of music while people were receiving and allowed people time to reflect during this time.   I felt that once the music had finished and before the post communion prayer a time of silence would have been beneficial. Word count: 1537 Bibliography Beach, Mark, Holy Communion (London: Church House Pub., 2000) Census Maps | Cambridgeshire Insight, Cambridgeshireinsight.Org.Uk, 2017 [accessed 19 March 2017] Common Worship, 1st edn (London: Church House Pub., 2000) Complete Anglican Hymns Old New (Stowmarket, Suffolk: Kevin Mayhew, 2000) Davison, Andrew, Why Sacraments?, 1st edn (London: SPCK, 2013) De Lange, Anna, How To Engage With Scripture (Cambridge, U.K.: Grove Books, 2011) Go In Peace To Love And Serve The Lord Meaning, Lords-Prayer-Words.Com, 2017 [accessed 20 March 2017] Parish Spotlight, 2017 [accessed 19 March 2017] [1] Census Maps | Cambridgeshire Insight, Cambridgeshireinsight.Org.Uk, 2017 [2] Parish Spotlight, 2017 [3] Mark Beach, Holy Communion, p.36 [4] Mark Beach, Holy Communion, p.41 [5] Anna De Lange, How To Engage With Scripture, p.5 [6] Mark Beach, Holy Communion, p.55 [7] Andrew Davison, Why Sacraments?, p.45 [8] Andrew Davidson, Why Sacraments?, p.44 [9] Go In Peace To Love And Serve The Lord Meaning, 2017

The Woman in Black Review Essay -- Drama

The Woman in Black Review Upon the arrival in London my anticipation was high. My first impression of the Fortune Theatre was; it was a very old Victorian building, very small and slightly ragged. Upon entering it felt very cramped and made you feel claustrophobic. The atmosphere was eerie due to the old style of the building. This was particularly effective as the play was set in the Victorian period. This made you feel as if you were in the past. Also the narrow staircase and small seating area created effect. Before the play starts there is no background music played to set a scene or image in the audiences mind. The play starts without warning and lights go down and we are straight into the story. The play is set in a theatre and the audience see the actors rehearsing a manuscript to an empty crowd. At first the older actor was reading his story as if he was an appalling actor. This technique used was effective and gave some comic relief at the start of the play. He mumbled his words without emotion which was in total contrast to the younger actor. The younger actor was very articulate and pronounced his words properly, both characters spoke with posh accents. By doing this it lulled the audience in to an almost false sense of security. Fans blew into the theatre to make the ambience cold and chilling. Diagram of the Stage The audience were seated in front of the stage. This was so the whole audience would all see the play in the same way. Also this would ensure the woman in black wouldn’t be able to be spotted. The set was open and most things on the stage were shown. There was a clothes rack which was covered, a wicker basket which was closed and some metal buckets. There was a door which was shut but we did not know to where it would lead. However during the play we discovered a whole new dimension to the stage. Behind a gauze there was another part of the stage. If this had been shown some of the creative element would have been lost as we wouldn’t be surprised to see it. Also the fact the only time the audience saw the back of the stage was when the actors themselves were present there. This would link the audience to the actor and heighten the personal bond. Spotlights were used a lot in this production. It persuaded the audience to focus on one area of the stage. It also gave a creepy effect, as you c... ... something bad to happen. After the loud, unexpected sounds there were many long pauses, which added to the sinister atmosphere. In my opinion this was the most effective use of sound. By the end of the play there was still a disturbing ambience as I walked away. I had thoroughly enjoyed the play and was suitably scared. Any more and I may not have been able to sleep. I took away many aspects of acting, which could be useful in the future. The use of silence and torches in the darkness were some of my favourites. The play was enjoyable and funny but also terrorizing. One of the most amusing parts was the dog spider scene. This was hard to act as they were pretending there was a dog but it was done with the utmost ease. It was funny how the older man kicked the dog saying â€Å"it does what I say†. If I was a critic for a magazine my short caption would read; â€Å"The Woman in Black† is a play with a distressing plot, of ghastly ghostly terror. Set in the Victorian times it sends a feeling of emptiness and solitude through you, nevertheless an obvious first choice for taking the young ones to see, to appreciate and learn from the immaculate actors and use of stage crew!

Essay --

Introduction As my utility group has chosen Royal Dutch Shell Public Limited Company, which is one of the world’s six major owned oil and gas public organizations, for discussing its win-win strategy and corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy, an online game, CEO2, will take part in this report in order to build the best win-win strategy for the chosen company such as reducing carbon dioxide emission while raising the long term profitability. The biggest challenge in this industry is meeting consumer demand with acceptable ecological impacts and producing electricity at competitive prices. Moreover, Shell oil spill in 2011 has listed as the worst spill in the United Kingdom waters in the past decade. (Harvey, 2011) and caused stakeholders suspected its CSR strategy. Therefore, this report will analyze the win-win strategy by using the game result and address the company’s CSR issues in relation to its CSR strategy. CEO2 Game & Win-Win strategy The CEO2 game’s outcome is based on two rounds, we selected the best three options based on the options provided in round one. Firstly, â€Å"install new off-shore wind farms† with decreasing 20 percent CO2 emission, which adding up to 20 percent generation capacity and off-shore wind farms is better than the traditional on-shore wind farms due to more space available, higher wind speed and lesser complaints by the neighbors such as noise issue. Secondly, â€Å"Cooperate with a grid operator† which uses to equip every private and industry customer with a smart meter. For example, smart meters would help consumers better manage their energy use and reduce their energy bill. Thirdly, â€Å"retrofit existing plants† which allowed improving efficiency at all existing power plants by on average 4 perce... ... risk.†(ADN news, 2011) However, Shell only informed the public that the organization had taken the incident seriously with indicating regret and care, but not its emergency measure. Conclusion In conclusion, Shell’s CSR strategy is lack of equilibrium between environmental and economic performances which led to lose the trust of the public, therefore, Shell’s CSR needs to improve. For example, media and NGOs as watch dog and integrators to rebuild the trust with the public to ensure the company activities are environmentally, socially responsible and economically. Moreover, the organization could also increase its investment in technologies such as using cameras to control the oil transportation process in order to ensure the incident will not happen again. Overall, the company may add a win-win strategy to its CSR strategy to improve its current CSR performance.

Fashion Branding

Dry. Hang Fashion brands in the Market place The Market place of MAC was solely built on the networking and the relationships the previous owners Frank Token, and Frank Angelo had with people in the fashion industry. The owners were tired of seeing makeup products that couldn't sustain the abuse of studio lights so they decided to make a quality makeup company. Frank Token was the idea behind the original project making formulas with his brother-in- law Victor Casual who was also a chemist (Evelyn, 2009).Frank Angelo came along to kind of help with the entrepreneurship aspect of the company, and they hit it off after that. Since both of the franks were already in the makeup, and hair industry they knew a lot of people that they could network their new makeup products too. Like I also mentioned before they were the first cosmetic line to offer a wide range of color lipsticks, most companies were mainly focused on skincare and facial products.MAC cosmetics were originally made for peop le in the high fashion industry, and were later pushed towards any and everybody in the fashion and keep industry (Evelyn, 2009). In 1986 MAC was styling fashion looks one being the concept of bald brides in Toronto fashion shows (Upgraded). In 1988 Henry Bended in New York was the first department store picking MAC's cosmetics , followed by a 1994 campaign of â€Å"Who is the M. A. C girl† starring Our Paul nearly raising $1 million for their M. A. C AIDS fund.All this leads to MAC's participation in their first New York fashion week with fashion designer Amateurs (Upgraded). MAC was also featured in one of the biggest fashion magazines Vogue in 1994 for the first time. That first New York fashion week runway then lead to MAC sponsoring over 850 shows, spread across 47 New York fashion week by 2012. By 2007 MAC's AIDS fund raised over 236 million dollars with the help of celebrities such as Mary J. Bilge, Ill Kim, Nick Mina], Lady Gaga, and Rick Martin. We love the idea of b eing able to champion and solidify a strong point of view for the next generation,† says an Est ©e Lauder executive. â€Å"We're a makeup-artist brand, and we're inspired by the runway?it's very organic. † said Esteem' Lauder executive (Upgraded). One of MAC's biggest introduction of endorsements were led by the likes of Pamela Anderson, Boy George, Debbie Harry, and other big stars in the ass's this led to the company's growth in the industry and marketplace (Evelyn,2009).

Prejudice in “Of Mice and Men” Essay

â€Å"Prejudices are the chains forged by ignorance to keep men apart. † – Marguerite Gardiner. In society, both modern and in the past, prejudice has been a tool of thinking and labeling a group of race, people, class and culture in order to distinguish ones superiority and dominance from one another, but is simply a way to judge without gathering valid facts. In Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, we see that prejudice was just as rampant in the 1930’s. In the novel, prejudice is demonstrated on 3 different levels: racial, sexual and social. It is shown how these prejudices generate false perceptions that although meant to aid, do no such good as their end result is clouding the truth. Racial prejudice is most significant when describing Crooks, who happens to be the stable buck for the farm. Crooks is also a Black man with a back disability, hence the reason he is called â€Å"Crooks†. While most of the other workers live in the same area and attend to jobs that are quite similar, Crooks is forced to live by himself, work alone in the stables and is almost never in contact with any of the other characters. People such as Curly’s Wife go as far as to ridicule Crooks and even look down at him simply for the fact that he is a Black man with a disability who is a laborer. In one instance, Curly’s Wife threatens Crooks by telling him â€Å"Listen, Nigger, you know what I can do if you open your trap, I could get you strung up on a tree so easy it ain’t funny† (Steinbeck, 98). The open brutality of this comment shows that even a woman, who would normally not have much or any say during this time in the 1930’s, is still considered higher in social class than an African-American man. Nothing is known about him as a person by any of the other farm attendants, but the prejudices that in this case are completely false help propel a gap between them, when one does not need to be. Although he may be physically handicap, he is just as capable as any of the others. As a result of being an outcast at the farm, Crooks has become very isolated and disengaged with the other members. When Lennie enters Crooks cabin in order retrieve the puppies, Crooks lashes out and tells Lennie â€Å"I ain’t wanted in the bunk room and you ain’t wanted in my room† (Steinbeck,124). This comment shows that Crooks has become bitter and alone because of the prejudice constantly being aimed at him when there is no reason for the way he is treated. He is a great overall example of racial prejudice in Of Mice and Men and society, both past and present, in which a African-American male, who is as capable as any man of another color is denied the same opportunities because of stereotypes and perceptions which can only be supported with biased false facts. Sexual prejudice is strong when Curly’s Wife is a part of a scene. Curly’s Wife also happens to be the only female that is currently occupying the place of work that the novel is set in. Curly’s Wife is presented as a character who tends to be very friendly with all the men on the farm and enjoys the attention she gets because her husband, Curly does not give her the amount of attention that she wants, so she finds it with others. Curly’s Wife is often avoided by all other who work at the farm because she is a woman who could get them in a lot of trouble. Curly is the boss’ son and Curly’s Wife being the daughter-in-law always gets her way and can have any man in the farm fired without reason. â€Å"She got the eye goin’ all the time on everybody. I bet she even gives the stable buck they eye. I don’t know what the hell she wants† (Steinbeck,51). Being a woman, there is already significant amount of sexual prejudice directed to her and the fact that she is very flirtatious with the other men further strengthens their perception of her. They all try to remain as calm as possible, careful not to give her the wrong idea cause they know the trouble that she could get them in. In actuality it appears that Curly’s Wife only craves attention from the other men and nothing sexual because of the lack of her husband to give her the attention that she wants. The idea of her wanting something only sexual and not spiritual shows the prejudice associated with gender in this novel and how its falsehood prevents a lonely woman from engaging and connecting with others on a mental level. Equally important is the Social prejudice towards characters such as Candy and Lennie in Of Mice and Men. Candy is very old and not capable of doing much around the farm but is still kept around to do the simple chores that the others are seen as more of a waste of time for others. These simple chores are envied by others and this jealousy helps create a division between Candy and the others. Candy also has a dog that in many ways is similar to him â€Å"[The] dog ain’t no good to himself. I wisht somebody’d shoot me if I got old an’ a cripple (pg. 45). † They are both described as being old, withered, confused and in many ways more of a nuisance who would do more good dead than alive. Socially being hated by the majority of the men at the ranch shows the prejudice that is directed without any reason, but simply motivated by jealousy. In the instance of Lennie, social prejudice is strongest evident in the perception others have of him because in their eyes, all they see is a big oaf incapable of accomplishing anything intelligent and only kept around for his strength. Before meeting Lennie and even engaging him in conversation, his position has already been established at the Ranch. With Curly we see that â€Å"[He’s] like a lot of little guys. He hates big guys. He’s alla time picking scraps with big guys. Kind of like he’s mad at ’em because he ain’t a big guy† (pg. 26). Regardless of his ability to be of help at the farm, Curly already establishes his position on Lennie even though he has had no significant direct contact or enough time to accurately depict Lennie as a person and not just a big man physically. Not only Curly, but other members of the farm also have decided Lennie’s place at work before fully knowing him. He is left out of card games, left back at the ranch when George and the others go out to hand more important jobs. Being considered a simple minded men with little use who spend their days playing with and day dreaming about rabbits or sweeping after others, Lennie and Candy have become outcasts in the sense that one of them is perceived to be mentally unstable and added to the fact that he is physically strong, while the other one is a nuisance who many could live without, make them both isolated and all the more reason to be avoid and singled out. â€Å"Of Mice and Men† is a brilliant novel in demonstrating that prejudice is a tool that people use to become more familiar with other individuals in order to overcome the fear of uncertainty. However, the ending result is that it puts distance between the person and the one they judge because it is not fact, but perception that is completely untrue. Prejudice is simply the reasoning of a fool to make themselves feel secure.

Psychology in “Still Alice” The Movie Essay

I. Still Alice – Summary The movie starts off with the scene of Alice celebrating her 50th birthday at a fancy restaurant along with her husband and children with the exception of Lydia. Then, the next scene shows Alice as a guest speaker in a linguistic class, this is because she is a world-renowned in her field of specialty. As she discusses something about babies, she forgets what she would say next and eventually losing her concentration. She comes home finding the house empty and decided to go for a jog. In the course of jogging, she suddenly stopped and decided to look around her – this is because she forgot where she is. You can find her very troubled during this scene but she composed herself finally remembering where she is and decided to head home. The next part of the movie illustrates Alice going to the doctor. She tells him her memory problems and the doctor gives her some memory exercises, this includes asking her the name of her parents which answered correctly but there’s this one question that she failed to reply. As the story goes on, Alice is showed preparing for the family’s Christmas dinner while doing some memory exercises for herself. During the dinner, Alice introduces herself to her son’s girlfriend which confuses the latter because they have been introduced earlier. As she goes back to the doctor, she finds out that her MRI is fine but the doctor insists of having another test for her because she might have early onset Alzheimer’s Disease. As days passed by, Alice is getting more anxious of herself having the disease. She decided to tell her husband about it and he wouldn’t believe it causing Alice to break down. Her husband decided to accompany her in visiting the doctor and the doctor confirmed Alice’s condition. They opted to tell their children about and let them take the test for the disease is hereditary. The results surfaced that Anna, the eldest daughter is positive for the disease. As the story is progressing, Alice’s condition seems to worsen, she forgot about important dinner plans and this caused her husband to worry about her but despite this, she still wants to keep her job and stay as long as she can still  manage to. At this point, she started writing a note to herself in her phone with basic questions such as what is the name of her oldest daughter, and then records herself talking to herself telling herself to take a bottle of pills to commit suicide. In the cell phone note it says to watch that video when she can no longer answer the basic questions. Eventually, all of these happened. Her condition continues to deteriorate but despite all of these, her family continued to guide her and support her. Along with struggling because of the disease, she decided to make every moment meaningful. In the final scene, it shows Alice cannot speak well anymore and we assume that she will ultimately forget everything. II. Answer the following questions. II.1. How relevant is the understanding of the illness contribute to a functional adjustment to the life of the person? As a human being, the only one who can tell what you really feel is yourself. You know what you can do and up to what extent you could go on. This goes the same to the understanding of our own illnesses in relation to the functional adjustment in our lives. Knowing or being aware of what our disease are could really help us a lot. It serves as a preparation for us and for our loved ones. Just like Alice in the movie, because she understands what her illness is, she is able to at least take precautionary measures and was able to adjust her daily living. It also gives the people around us the right amount of understanding they need to give so as to support in our struggle against the condition. Furthermore, understanding your illness will also help you adjust to what might really happen to you. II.2. Personally, how were you affected by the movie? Honestly, I was moved by the movie. The disease may be rare but it’s fatal. I felt pity for those persons who have it for they would forget everything they worked for and all the happy moments of their life and even forget about themselves. It made me realize how difficult it is to be in that situation for I cannot even imagine myself in Alice’s shoes. The movie also  taught me the importance of family – that no matter what, they will always stick by your side. They will try to understand you and support you even if you couldn’t recognize them for it is the meaning of a family – it’s love.